Optimalisasi Formulasi Dan Fortifikasi Vitamin B Pada Snack Brownies Crispy Daun Kelor Terhadap Daya Terima Dan Total Plate Count Sebagai Pangan Fungsional Untuk Anemia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58730/jnhs.v5i1.220Kata Kunci:
Anemia, Brownies Crispy, Daun Kelor, Fortifikasi, Vitamin, Pangan FungsinalAbstrak
Latar belakang: Anemia defisiensi besi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang tinggi di Indonesia, terutama pada perempuan usia reproduktif dan remaja putri. Upaya pencegahan melalui pendekatan pangan fungsional berbasis bahan lokal menjadi solusi potensial. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan formulasi brownies crispy daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) yang difortifikasi vitamin B terhadap daya terima konsumen dan mutu mikrobiologis (Total Plate Count). Metode: Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dua faktor: tingkat substitusi tepung daun kelor (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) dan fortifikasi vitamin B (tanpa dan dengan fortifikasi folat dan B12). Analisis meliputi kadar proksimat, zat besi, folat, vitamin B12, uji organoleptik (warna, aroma, rasa, kerenyahan, keseluruhan), serta Total Plate Count selama penyimpanan 28 hari. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dua arah. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi daun kelor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar protein (p=0.002), abu (p=0.001), dan zat besi (p=0.000), sedangkan fortifikasi vitamin B berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar folat (p=0.000) dan vitamin B12 (p=0.000). Tidak terdapat interaksi signifikan antara kedua faktor terhadap parameter kimia utama (p>0.05). Formulasi optimal diperoleh pada perlakuan S1F1 (5% daun kelor + fortifikasi vitamin B) dengan skor organoleptik keseluruhan 7.92 (kategori “suka”), kadar Fe 3.95 mg/100 g, folat 39.56 µg/100 g, vitamin B12 1.51 µg/100 g, dan nilai TPC <3.4 log CFU/g hingga hari ke-28 penyimpanan. Kesimpulan: Substitusi daun kelor sebesar 5% dengan fortifikasi vitamin B menghasilkan produk brownies crispy bergizi tinggi, aman, dan diterima konsumen, sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai pangan fungsional untuk pencegahan anemia.Referensi
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